--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/Source/Common/Convert.cs	Thu Mar 27 21:46:09 2014 +0400
@@ -0,0 +1,968 @@
+using System;
+using System.Data.Linq;
+using System.Data.SqlTypes;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Threading;
+using System.Xml;
+#if !SILVERLIGHT
+using System.Xml.Linq;
+#endif
+
+namespace BLToolkit.Common
+{
+	using Properties;
+
+	/// <summary>Converts a base data type to another base data type.</summary>
+	public static partial class Convert
+	{
+		#region Boolean
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Char</c> to an equivalent <c>Boolean</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Boolean ToBoolean(Char p)
+		{
+			switch (p)
+			{
+				case '\x0' : // Allow int <=> Char <=> Boolean
+				case   '0' :
+				case   'n' :
+				case   'N' :
+				case   'f' :
+				case   'F' : return false;
+
+				case '\x1' : // Allow int <=> Char <=> Boolean
+				case   '1' :
+				case   'y' :
+				case   'Y' :
+				case   't' :
+				case   'T' : return true;
+			}
+
+			throw CreateInvalidCastException(typeof(Char), typeof(Boolean));
+		}
+
+		#endregion
+
+		#region Byte[]
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Decimal</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Byte[] ToByteArray(Decimal p)
+		{
+			var bits  = Decimal.GetBits(p);
+			var bytes = new Byte[Buffer.ByteLength(bits)];
+
+			Buffer.BlockCopy(bits, 0, bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
+			return bytes;
+		}
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Stream</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Byte[] ToByteArray(Stream p)
+		{
+			if (p == null || p == Stream.Null) return null;
+			if (p is MemoryStream)             return ((MemoryStream)p).ToArray();
+
+			var position = p.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
+			var bytes    = new Byte[p.Length];
+
+			p.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
+			p.Position = position;
+
+			return bytes;
+		}
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Char[]</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Byte[] ToByteArray(Char[] p)
+		{
+			var bytes = new Byte[Buffer.ByteLength(p)];
+
+			Buffer.BlockCopy(p, 0, bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
+			return bytes;
+		}
+
+		#endregion
+
+		#region Decimal
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Byte[]</c> to an equivalent <c>Decimal</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Decimal ToDecimal(Byte[] p)
+		{
+			if (p == null || p.Length == 0) return 0.0m;
+
+			var bits = new int[p.Length / sizeof(int)];
+
+			Buffer.BlockCopy(p, 0, bits, 0, p.Length);
+			return new Decimal(bits);
+		}
+
+		public static Decimal ToDecimal(Binary p)
+		{
+			if (p == null || p.Length == 0) return 0.0m;
+
+			var bits = new int[p.Length / sizeof(int)];
+
+			Buffer.BlockCopy(p.ToArray(), 0, bits, 0, p.Length);
+			return new Decimal(bits);
+		}
+
+		#endregion
+
+		#region SqlTypes
+
+#if !SILVERLIGHT
+
+		#region SqlChars
+
+		// Scalar Types.
+		// 
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>String</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(String p)          { return p == null? SqlChars.Null: new SqlChars(p.ToCharArray()); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Char[]</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Char[] p)          { return p == null? SqlChars.Null: new SqlChars(p); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Byte[]</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Byte[] p)          { return p == null? SqlChars.Null: new SqlChars(ToCharArray(p)); }
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Binary p)          { return p == null? SqlChars.Null: new SqlChars(ToCharArray(p.ToArray())); }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SByte</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		[CLSCompliant(false)]
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(SByte p)           { return new SqlChars(ToString(p).ToCharArray()); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Int16</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Int16 p)           { return new SqlChars(ToString(p).ToCharArray()); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Int32</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Int32 p)           { return new SqlChars(ToString(p).ToCharArray()); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Int64</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Int64 p)           { return new SqlChars(ToString(p).ToCharArray()); }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Byte</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Byte p)            { return new SqlChars(ToString(p).ToCharArray()); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>UInt16</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		[CLSCompliant(false)]
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(UInt16 p)          { return new SqlChars(ToString(p).ToCharArray()); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>UInt32</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		[CLSCompliant(false)]
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(UInt32 p)          { return new SqlChars(ToString(p).ToCharArray()); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>UInt64</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		[CLSCompliant(false)]
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(UInt64 p)          { return new SqlChars(ToString(p).ToCharArray()); }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Single</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Single p)          { return new SqlChars(ToString(p).ToCharArray()); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Double</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Double p)          { return new SqlChars(ToString(p).ToCharArray()); }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Boolean</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Boolean p)         { return new SqlChars(ToString(p).ToCharArray()); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Decimal</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Decimal p)         { return new SqlChars(ToString(p).ToCharArray()); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Char</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Char p)            { return new SqlChars(ToString(p).ToCharArray()); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>TimeSpan</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(TimeSpan p)        { return new SqlChars(ToString(p).ToCharArray()); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>DateTime</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(DateTime p)        { return new SqlChars(ToString(p).ToCharArray()); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>DateTimeOffset</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(DateTimeOffset p)  { return new SqlChars(ToString(p).ToCharArray()); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Guid</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Guid p)            { return new SqlChars(ToString(p).ToCharArray()); }
+
+		// Nullable Types.
+		// 
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SByte?</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		[CLSCompliant(false)]
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(SByte? p)          { return p.HasValue? new SqlChars(p.ToString().ToCharArray()): SqlChars.Null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Int16?</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Int16? p)          { return p.HasValue? new SqlChars(p.ToString().ToCharArray()): SqlChars.Null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Int32?</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Int32? p)          { return p.HasValue? new SqlChars(p.ToString().ToCharArray()): SqlChars.Null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Int64?</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Int64? p)          { return p.HasValue? new SqlChars(p.ToString().ToCharArray()): SqlChars.Null; }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Byte?</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Byte? p)           { return p.HasValue? new SqlChars(p.ToString().ToCharArray()): SqlChars.Null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>UInt16?</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		[CLSCompliant(false)]
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(UInt16? p)         { return p.HasValue? new SqlChars(p.ToString().ToCharArray()): SqlChars.Null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>UInt32?</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		[CLSCompliant(false)]
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(UInt32? p)         { return p.HasValue? new SqlChars(p.ToString().ToCharArray()): SqlChars.Null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>UInt64?</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		[CLSCompliant(false)]
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(UInt64? p)         { return p.HasValue? new SqlChars(p.ToString().ToCharArray()): SqlChars.Null; }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Single?</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Single? p)         { return p.HasValue? new SqlChars(p.ToString().ToCharArray()): SqlChars.Null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Double?</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Double? p)         { return p.HasValue? new SqlChars(p.ToString().ToCharArray()): SqlChars.Null; }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Boolean?</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Boolean? p)        { return p.HasValue? new SqlChars(p.ToString().ToCharArray()): SqlChars.Null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Decimal?</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Decimal? p)        { return p.HasValue? new SqlChars(p.ToString().ToCharArray()): SqlChars.Null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Char?</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Char? p)           { return p.HasValue? new SqlChars(new Char[]{p.Value})       : SqlChars.Null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>TimeSpan?</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(TimeSpan? p)       { return p.HasValue? new SqlChars(p.ToString().ToCharArray()): SqlChars.Null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>DateTime?</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(DateTime? p)       { return p.HasValue? new SqlChars(p.ToString().ToCharArray()): SqlChars.Null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>DateTimeOffset?</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(DateTimeOffset? p) { return p.HasValue? new SqlChars(p.ToString().ToCharArray()): SqlChars.Null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Guid?</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Guid? p)           { return p.HasValue? new SqlChars(p.ToString().ToCharArray()): SqlChars.Null; }
+
+		// SqlTypes
+		// 
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlString</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(SqlString p)       { return (SqlChars)p; }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlByte</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(SqlByte p)         { return (SqlChars)p.ToSqlString(); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlInt16</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(SqlInt16 p)        { return (SqlChars)p.ToSqlString(); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlInt32</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(SqlInt32 p)        { return (SqlChars)p.ToSqlString(); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlInt64</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(SqlInt64 p)        { return (SqlChars)p.ToSqlString(); }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlSingle</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(SqlSingle p)       { return (SqlChars)p.ToSqlString(); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlDouble</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(SqlDouble p)       { return (SqlChars)p.ToSqlString(); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlDecimal</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(SqlDecimal p)      { return (SqlChars)p.ToSqlString(); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlMoney</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(SqlMoney p)        { return (SqlChars)p.ToSqlString(); }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlBoolean</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(SqlBoolean p)      { return (SqlChars)p.ToSqlString(); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlGuid</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(SqlGuid p)         { return (SqlChars)p.ToSqlString(); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlDateTime</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(SqlDateTime p)     { return (SqlChars)p.ToSqlString(); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlBinary</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(SqlBinary p)       { return p.IsNull? SqlChars.Null: new SqlChars(p.ToString().ToCharArray()); }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Type</c> to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(Type p)            { return p == null? SqlChars.Null: new SqlChars(p.FullName.ToCharArray()); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value of a specified object to an equivalent <c>SqlChars</c> value.</summary>
+		public static SqlChars ToSqlChars(object p)         
+		{
+			if (p == null || p is DBNull) return SqlChars.Null;
+
+			if (p is SqlChars) return (SqlChars)p;
+
+			// Scalar Types.
+			//
+			if (p is String)          return ToSqlChars((String)p);
+			if (p is Char[])          return ToSqlChars((Char[])p);
+			if (p is Byte[])          return ToSqlChars((Byte[])p);
+			if (p is Binary)          return ToSqlChars(((Binary)p).ToArray());
+
+			if (p is SByte)           return ToSqlChars((SByte)p);
+			if (p is Int16)           return ToSqlChars((Int16)p);
+			if (p is Int32)           return ToSqlChars((Int32)p);
+			if (p is Int64)           return ToSqlChars((Int64)p);
+
+			if (p is Byte)            return ToSqlChars((Byte)p);
+			if (p is UInt16)          return ToSqlChars((UInt16)p);
+			if (p is UInt32)          return ToSqlChars((UInt32)p);
+			if (p is UInt64)          return ToSqlChars((UInt64)p);
+
+			if (p is Single)          return ToSqlChars((Single)p);
+			if (p is Double)          return ToSqlChars((Double)p);
+
+			if (p is Boolean)         return ToSqlChars((Boolean)p);
+			if (p is Decimal)         return ToSqlChars((Decimal)p);
+
+			// SqlTypes
+			//
+			if (p is SqlString)       return ToSqlChars((SqlString)p);
+
+			if (p is SqlByte)         return ToSqlChars((SqlByte)p);
+			if (p is SqlInt16)        return ToSqlChars((SqlInt16)p);
+			if (p is SqlInt32)        return ToSqlChars((SqlInt32)p);
+			if (p is SqlInt64)        return ToSqlChars((SqlInt64)p);
+
+			if (p is SqlSingle)       return ToSqlChars((SqlSingle)p);
+			if (p is SqlDouble)       return ToSqlChars((SqlDouble)p);
+			if (p is SqlDecimal)      return ToSqlChars((SqlDecimal)p);
+			if (p is SqlMoney)        return ToSqlChars((SqlMoney)p);
+
+			if (p is SqlBoolean)      return ToSqlChars((SqlBoolean)p);
+			if (p is SqlBinary)       return ToSqlChars((SqlBinary)p);
+			if (p is Type)            return ToSqlChars((Type)p);
+
+			return new SqlChars(ToString(p).ToCharArray());
+		}
+
+		#endregion
+
+#endif
+
+		#endregion
+
+		#region Other Types
+
+		#region Binary
+
+		// Scalar Types.
+		// 
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>String</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(String p)          { return p == null? null: new Binary(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(p)); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Byte</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(Byte p)            { return new Binary(new byte[]{p}); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SByte</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		[CLSCompliant(false)]
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(SByte p)           { return new Binary(new byte[]{checked((Byte)p)}); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Decimal</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(Decimal p)        
+		{
+			var bits  = Decimal.GetBits(p);
+			var bytes = new Byte[Buffer.ByteLength(bits)];
+
+			Buffer.BlockCopy(bits, 0, bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
+			return new Binary(bytes);
+		}
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Int16</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(Int16 p)           { return new Binary(BitConverter.GetBytes(p)); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Int32</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(Int32 p)           { return new Binary(BitConverter.GetBytes(p)); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Int64</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(Int64 p)           { return new Binary(BitConverter.GetBytes(p)); }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>UInt16</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		[CLSCompliant(false)]
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(UInt16 p)          { return new Binary(BitConverter.GetBytes(p)); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>UInt32</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		[CLSCompliant(false)]
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(UInt32 p)          { return new Binary(BitConverter.GetBytes(p)); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>UInt64</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		[CLSCompliant(false)]
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(UInt64 p)          { return new Binary(BitConverter.GetBytes(p)); }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Single</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(Single p)          { return new Binary(BitConverter.GetBytes(p)); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Double</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(Double p)          { return new Binary(BitConverter.GetBytes(p)); }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Boolean</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(Boolean p)         { return new Binary(BitConverter.GetBytes(p)); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Char</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(Char p)            { return new Binary(BitConverter.GetBytes(p)); }
+#if !SILVERLIGHT
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>DateTime</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(DateTime p)        { return new Binary(ToByteArray(p.ToBinary())); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>DateTimeOffset</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(DateTimeOffset p)  { return new Binary(ToByteArray(p.LocalDateTime.ToBinary())); }
+#endif
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(Byte[]         p)  { return new Binary(p); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>TimeSpan</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(TimeSpan p)        { return new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Ticks)); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Stream</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(Stream p)         
+		{
+			if (p == null)         return null;
+			if (p is MemoryStream) return ((MemoryStream)p).ToArray();
+
+			var position = p.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
+			var bytes = new Byte[p.Length];
+			p.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
+			p.Position = position;
+
+			return new Binary(bytes);
+		}
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Char[]</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(Char[] p)
+		{
+			var bytes = new Byte[Buffer.ByteLength(p)];
+
+			Buffer.BlockCopy(p, 0, bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
+			return new Binary(bytes);
+		}
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Guid</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(Guid p)            { return p == Guid.Empty? null: new Binary(p.ToByteArray()); }
+
+		// Nullable Types.
+		// 
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SByte?</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		[CLSCompliant(false)]
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(SByte? p)          { return p.HasValue? new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)): null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Int16?</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(Int16? p)          { return p.HasValue? new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)): null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Int32?</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(Int32? p)          { return p.HasValue? new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)): null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Int64?</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(Int64? p)          { return p.HasValue? new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)): null; }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Byte?</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(Byte? p)           { return p.HasValue? new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)): null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>UInt16?</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		[CLSCompliant(false)]
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(UInt16? p)         { return p.HasValue? new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)): null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>UInt32?</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		[CLSCompliant(false)]
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(UInt32? p)         { return p.HasValue? new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)): null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>UInt64?</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		[CLSCompliant(false)]
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(UInt64? p)         { return p.HasValue? new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)): null; }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Single?</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(Single? p)         { return p.HasValue? new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)): null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Double?</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(Double? p)         { return p.HasValue? new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)): null; }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Boolean?</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(Boolean? p)        { return p.HasValue? new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)): null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Decimal?</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(Decimal? p)        { return p.HasValue? new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)): null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Char?</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(Char? p)           { return p.HasValue? new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)): null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>DateTime?</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(DateTime? p)       { return p.HasValue? new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)): null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>DateTimeOffset?</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(DateTimeOffset? p) { return p.HasValue? new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)): null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>TimeSpan?</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(TimeSpan? p)       { return p.HasValue? new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)): null; }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Guid?</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(Guid? p)           { return p.HasValue? new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)): null; }
+
+#if !SILVERLIGHT
+
+		// SqlTypes
+		// 
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlBinary</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(SqlBinary p)       { return p.IsNull? null: new Binary(p.Value); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlBytes</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(SqlBytes p)        { return p.IsNull? null: new Binary(p.Value); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlGuid</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(SqlGuid p)         { return p.IsNull? null: new Binary(p.ToByteArray()); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlString</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(SqlString p)       { return p.IsNull? null: new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)); }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlByte</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(SqlByte p)         { return p.IsNull? null: new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlInt16</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(SqlInt16 p)        { return p.IsNull? null: new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlInt32</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(SqlInt32 p)        { return p.IsNull? null: new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlInt64</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(SqlInt64 p)        { return p.IsNull? null: new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)); }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlSingle</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(SqlSingle p)       { return p.IsNull? null: new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlDouble</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(SqlDouble p)       { return p.IsNull? null: new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlDecimal</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(SqlDecimal p)      { return p.IsNull? null: new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlMoney</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(SqlMoney p)        { return p.IsNull? null: new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)); }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlBoolean</c> to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(SqlBoolean p)      { return p.IsNull? null: new Binary(ToByteArray(p.Value)); }
+
+#endif
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value of a specified object to an equivalent <c>Byte[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Binary ToLinqBinary(object p)
+		{
+			if (p == null || p is DBNull) return null;
+
+			if (p is Byte[]) return new Binary((Byte[])p);
+			if (p is Binary) return (Binary)p;
+
+			// Scalar Types.
+			//
+			if (p is String)          return ToLinqBinary((String)p);
+			if (p is Byte)            return ToLinqBinary((Byte)p);
+			if (p is SByte)           return ToLinqBinary((SByte)p);
+			if (p is Decimal)         return ToLinqBinary((Decimal)p);
+			if (p is Int16)           return ToLinqBinary((Int16)p);
+			if (p is Int32)           return ToLinqBinary((Int32)p);
+			if (p is Int64)           return ToLinqBinary((Int64)p);
+
+			if (p is UInt16)          return ToLinqBinary((UInt16)p);
+			if (p is UInt32)          return ToLinqBinary((UInt32)p);
+			if (p is UInt64)          return ToLinqBinary((UInt64)p);
+
+			if (p is Single)          return ToLinqBinary((Single)p);
+			if (p is Double)          return ToLinqBinary((Double)p);
+
+			if (p is Boolean)         return ToLinqBinary((Boolean)p);
+			if (p is DateTime)        return ToLinqBinary((DateTime)p);
+			if (p is DateTimeOffset)  return ToLinqBinary((DateTimeOffset)p);
+			if (p is TimeSpan)        return ToLinqBinary((TimeSpan)p);
+			if (p is Stream)          return ToLinqBinary((Stream)p);
+			if (p is Char[])          return ToLinqBinary((Char[])p);
+			if (p is Guid)            return ToLinqBinary((Guid)p);
+
+#if !SILVERLIGHT
+
+			// SqlTypes
+			//
+			if (p is SqlBinary)       return ToLinqBinary((SqlBinary)p);
+			if (p is SqlBytes)        return ToLinqBinary((SqlBytes)p);
+			if (p is SqlGuid)         return ToLinqBinary((SqlGuid)p);
+			if (p is SqlString)       return ToLinqBinary((SqlString)p);
+
+			if (p is SqlByte)         return ToLinqBinary((SqlByte)p);
+			if (p is SqlInt16)        return ToLinqBinary((SqlInt16)p);
+			if (p is SqlInt32)        return ToLinqBinary((SqlInt32)p);
+			if (p is SqlInt64)        return ToLinqBinary((SqlInt64)p);
+
+			if (p is SqlSingle)       return ToLinqBinary((SqlSingle)p);
+			if (p is SqlDouble)       return ToLinqBinary((SqlDouble)p);
+			if (p is SqlDecimal)      return ToLinqBinary((SqlDecimal)p);
+			if (p is SqlMoney)        return ToLinqBinary((SqlMoney)p);
+
+			if (p is SqlBoolean)      return ToLinqBinary((SqlBoolean)p);
+
+#endif
+
+			throw CreateInvalidCastException(p.GetType(), typeof(Byte[]));
+		}
+
+		#endregion
+
+		#region Char[]
+
+		// Scalar Types.
+		// 
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>String</c> to an equivalent <c>Char[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Char[] ToCharArray(String p)          { return p == null? null: p.ToCharArray(); }
+
+#if !SILVERLIGHT
+
+		// SqlTypes
+		// 
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlString</c> to an equivalent <c>Char[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Char[] ToCharArray(SqlString p)       { return p.IsNull? null: p.Value.ToCharArray(); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlChars</c> to an equivalent <c>Char[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Char[] ToCharArray(SqlChars p)        { return p.IsNull? null: p.Value; }
+
+#endif
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Byte[]</c> to an equivalent <c>Char[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Char[] ToCharArray(Byte[] p)
+		{
+			if (p == null) return null;
+
+			var chars = new Char[p.Length / sizeof(Char)];
+
+			Buffer.BlockCopy(p, 0, chars, 0, p.Length);
+			return chars;
+		}
+
+		public static Char[] ToCharArray(Binary p)
+		{
+			if (p == null) return null;
+
+			var chars = new Char[p.Length / sizeof(Char)];
+
+			Buffer.BlockCopy(p.ToArray(), 0, chars, 0, p.Length);
+			return chars;
+		}
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value of a specified object to an equivalent <c>Char[]</c> value.</summary>
+		public static Char[] ToCharArray(object p)
+		{
+			if (p == null || p is DBNull) return null;
+
+			if (p is Char[]) return (Char[])p;
+
+			// Scalar Types.
+			//
+			if (p is String)          return ToCharArray((String)p);
+
+#if !SILVERLIGHT
+
+			// SqlTypes
+			//
+			if (p is SqlString)       return ToCharArray((SqlString)p);
+			if (p is SqlChars)        return ToCharArray((SqlChars)p);
+
+#endif
+			if (p is Byte[])          return ToCharArray((Byte[])p);
+			if (p is Binary)          return ToCharArray(((Binary)p).ToArray());
+
+			return ToString(p).ToCharArray();
+		}
+
+		#endregion
+
+		#region XmlReader
+
+#if !SILVERLIGHT
+
+		// Scalar Types.
+		// 
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>String</c> to an equivalent <c>XmlReader</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XmlReader ToXmlReader(String p)          { return p == null? null: new XmlTextReader(new StringReader(p)); }
+
+		// SqlTypes
+		// 
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlXml</c> to an equivalent <c>XmlReader</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XmlReader ToXmlReader(SqlXml p)          { return p.IsNull? null: p.CreateReader(); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlString</c> to an equivalent <c>XmlReader</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XmlReader ToXmlReader(SqlString p)       { return p.IsNull? null: new XmlTextReader(new StringReader(p.Value)); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlChars</c> to an equivalent <c>XmlReader</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XmlReader ToXmlReader(SqlChars p)        { return p.IsNull? null: new XmlTextReader(new StringReader(p.ToSqlString().Value)); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlBinary</c> to an equivalent <c>XmlReader</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XmlReader ToXmlReader(SqlBinary p)       { return p.IsNull? null: new XmlTextReader(new MemoryStream(p.Value)); }
+
+		// Other Types.
+		// 
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Stream</c> to an equivalent <c>XmlReader</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XmlReader ToXmlReader(Stream p)          { return p == null? null: new XmlTextReader(p); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>TextReader</c> to an equivalent <c>XmlReader</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XmlReader ToXmlReader(TextReader p)      { return p == null? null: new XmlTextReader(p); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>XmlDocument</c> to an equivalent <c>XmlReader</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XmlReader ToXmlReader(XmlDocument p)     { return p == null? null: new XmlTextReader(new StringReader(p.InnerXml)); }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Char[]</c> to an equivalent <c>XmlReader</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XmlReader ToXmlReader(Char[] p)          { return p == null? null: new XmlTextReader(new StringReader(new string(p))); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Byte[]</c> to an equivalent <c>XmlReader</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XmlReader ToXmlReader(Byte[] p)          { return p == null? null: new XmlTextReader(new MemoryStream(p)); }
+		public static XmlReader ToXmlReader(Binary p)          { return p == null? null: new XmlTextReader(new MemoryStream(p.ToArray())); }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value of a specified object to an equivalent <c>XmlReader</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XmlReader ToXmlReader(object p)         
+		{
+			if (p == null || p is DBNull) return null;
+
+			if (p is XmlReader) return (XmlReader)p;
+
+			// Scalar Types.
+			//
+			if (p is String)          return ToXmlReader((String)p);
+
+			// SqlTypes
+			//
+			if (p is SqlXml)          return ToXmlReader((SqlXml)p);
+			if (p is SqlString)       return ToXmlReader((SqlString)p);
+			if (p is SqlChars)        return ToXmlReader((SqlChars)p);
+			if (p is SqlBinary)       return ToXmlReader((SqlBinary)p);
+
+			// Other Types.
+			//
+			if (p is XmlDocument)     return ToXmlReader((XmlDocument)p);
+
+			if (p is Char[])          return ToXmlReader((Char[])p);
+			if (p is Byte[])          return ToXmlReader((Byte[])p);
+			if (p is Binary)          return ToXmlReader(((Binary)p).ToArray());
+
+			throw CreateInvalidCastException(p.GetType(), typeof(XmlReader));
+		}
+
+#endif
+
+		#endregion
+
+		#region XmlDocument
+
+#if !SILVERLIGHT
+
+		// Scalar Types.
+		// 
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>String</c> to an equivalent <c>XmlDocument</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XmlDocument ToXmlDocument(String p)
+		{
+			if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(p)) return null;
+
+			var doc = new XmlDocument();
+
+			doc.LoadXml(p);
+
+			return doc;
+		}
+
+		// SqlTypes
+		// 
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlString</c> to an equivalent <c>XmlDocument</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XmlDocument ToXmlDocument(SqlString p)       { return p.IsNull? null: ToXmlDocument(p.Value); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlXml</c> to an equivalent <c>XmlDocument</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XmlDocument ToXmlDocument(SqlXml p)          { return p.IsNull? null: ToXmlDocument(p.Value); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlChars</c> to an equivalent <c>XmlDocument</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XmlDocument ToXmlDocument(SqlChars p)        { return p.IsNull? null: ToXmlDocument(p.ToSqlString().Value); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlBinary</c> to an equivalent <c>XmlDocument</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XmlDocument ToXmlDocument(SqlBinary p)       { return p.IsNull? null: ToXmlDocument(new MemoryStream(p.Value)); }
+
+		// Other Types.
+		// 
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Stream</c> to an equivalent <c>XmlDocument</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XmlDocument ToXmlDocument(Stream p)
+		{
+			if (p == null) return null;
+
+			var doc = new XmlDocument();
+
+			doc.Load(p);
+
+			return doc;
+		}
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>TextReader</c> to an equivalent <c>XmlDocument</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XmlDocument ToXmlDocument(TextReader p)
+		{
+			if (p == null) return null;
+
+			var doc = new XmlDocument();
+
+			doc.Load(p);
+
+			return doc;
+		}
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>XmlReader</c> to an equivalent <c>XmlDocument</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XmlDocument ToXmlDocument(XmlReader p)
+		{
+			if (p == null) return null;
+
+			var doc = new XmlDocument();
+
+			doc.Load(p);
+
+			return doc;
+		}
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Char[]</c> to an equivalent <c>XmlDocument</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XmlDocument ToXmlDocument(Char[] p)          { return p == null || p.Length == 0? null: ToXmlDocument(new string(p)); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Byte[]</c> to an equivalent <c>XmlDocument</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XmlDocument ToXmlDocument(Byte[] p)          { return p == null || p.Length == 0? null: ToXmlDocument(new MemoryStream(p)); }
+		public static XmlDocument ToXmlDocument(Binary p)          { return p == null || p.Length == 0? null: ToXmlDocument(new MemoryStream(p.ToArray())); }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value of a specified object to an equivalent <c>XmlDocument</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XmlDocument ToXmlDocument(object p)         
+		{
+			if (p == null || p is DBNull) return null;
+
+			if (p is XmlDocument) return (XmlDocument)p;
+
+			// Scalar Types.
+			//
+			if (p is String)          return ToXmlDocument((String)p);
+
+			// SqlTypes
+			//
+			if (p is SqlChars)        return ToXmlDocument((SqlChars)p);
+			if (p is SqlBinary)       return ToXmlDocument((SqlBinary)p);
+
+			// Other Types.
+			//
+
+			if (p is Char[])          return ToXmlDocument((Char[])p);
+			if (p is Byte[])          return ToXmlDocument((Byte[])p);
+			if (p is Binary)          return ToXmlDocument(((Binary)p).ToArray());
+
+			throw CreateInvalidCastException(p.GetType(), typeof(XmlDocument));
+		}
+
+#endif
+
+		#endregion
+
+		#region XElement
+
+#if !SILVERLIGHT
+
+		// Scalar Types.
+		// 
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>String</c> to an equivalent <c>XElement</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XElement ToXElement(String p)
+		{
+			if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(p)) return null;
+
+			var doc = XElement.Parse(p);
+
+			return doc;
+		}
+
+		// SqlTypes
+		// 
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlString</c> to an equivalent <c>XElement</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XElement ToXElement(SqlString p) { return p.IsNull ? null : ToXElement(p.Value); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlXml</c> to an equivalent <c>XElement</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XElement ToXElement(SqlXml p) { return p.IsNull ? null : ToXElement(p.Value); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlChars</c> to an equivalent <c>XElement</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XElement ToXElement(SqlChars p) { return p.IsNull ? null : ToXElement(p.ToSqlString().Value); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>SqlBinary</c> to an equivalent <c>XElement</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XElement ToXElement(SqlBinary p) { return p.IsNull ? null : ToXElement(new MemoryStream(p.Value)); }
+
+		// Other Types.
+		// 
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Stream</c> to an equivalent <c>XElement</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XElement ToXElement(Stream p)
+		{
+			if (p == null) return null;
+
+			using (XmlReader r = XmlReader.Create(p))
+				return XElement.Load(r); 
+		}
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>TextReader</c> to an equivalent <c>XElement</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XElement ToXElement(TextReader p)
+		{
+			if (p == null) return null;
+
+			var doc = XElement.Load(p);
+
+			return doc;
+		}
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>XmlReader</c> to an equivalent <c>XElement</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XElement ToXElement(XmlReader p)
+		{
+			if (p == null) return null;
+
+			var doc = XElement.Load(p);
+
+			return doc;
+		}
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Char[]</c> to an equivalent <c>XElement</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XElement ToXElement(Char[] p) { return p == null || p.Length == 0 ? null : ToXElement(new string(p)); }
+		/// <summary>Converts the value from <c>Byte[]</c> to an equivalent <c>XElement</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XElement ToXElement(Byte[] p) { return p == null || p.Length == 0 ? null : ToXElement(new MemoryStream(p)); }
+		public static XElement ToXElement(Binary p) { return p == null || p.Length == 0 ? null : ToXElement(new MemoryStream(p.ToArray())); }
+
+		/// <summary>Converts the value of a specified object to an equivalent <c>XElement</c> value.</summary>
+		public static XElement ToXElement(object p)
+		{
+			if (p == null || p is DBNull) return null;
+
+			if (p is XElement) return (XElement)p;
+
+			// Scalar Types.
+			//
+			if (p is String) return ToXElement((String)p);
+
+			// SqlTypes
+			//
+			if (p is SqlChars) return ToXElement((SqlChars)p);
+			if (p is SqlBinary) return ToXElement((SqlBinary)p);
+
+			// Other Types.
+			//
+
+			if (p is Char[]) return ToXElement((Char[])p);
+			if (p is Byte[]) return ToXElement((Byte[])p);
+			if (p is Binary) return ToXElement(((Binary)p).ToArray());
+
+			throw CreateInvalidCastException(p.GetType(), typeof(XElement));
+		}
+
+#endif
+
+		#endregion
+
+		#endregion
+
+		#region ChangeTypeFromString
+
+		public static object ChangeTypeFromString(string str, Type type)
+		{
+			if (str == null)
+				return null;
+
+			if (type == typeof(string))
+				return str;
+
+			var underlyingType = type;
+			var isNullable     = false;
+
+			if (underlyingType.IsGenericType && underlyingType.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(Nullable<>))
+			{
+				isNullable     = true;
+				underlyingType = underlyingType.GetGenericArguments()[0];
+			}
+
+			if (underlyingType.IsEnum)
+				return Enum.Parse(type, str, false);
+
+			if (isNullable)
+			{
+				switch (Type.GetTypeCode(underlyingType))
+				{
+					case TypeCode.Boolean  : return ToNullableBoolean (str);
+					case TypeCode.Char     : return ToNullableChar    (str);
+					case TypeCode.SByte    : return ToNullableSByte   (str);
+					case TypeCode.Byte     : return ToNullableByte    (str);
+					case TypeCode.Int16    : return ToNullableInt16   (str);
+					case TypeCode.UInt16   : return ToNullableUInt16  (str);
+					case TypeCode.Int32    : return ToNullableInt32   (str);
+					case TypeCode.UInt32   : return ToNullableUInt32  (str);
+					case TypeCode.Int64    : return ToNullableInt64   (str);
+					case TypeCode.UInt64   : return ToNullableUInt64  (str);
+					case TypeCode.Single   : return ToNullableSingle  (str);
+					case TypeCode.Double   : return ToNullableDouble  (str);
+					case TypeCode.Decimal  : return ToNullableDecimal (str);
+					case TypeCode.DateTime : return ToNullableDateTime(str);
+					case TypeCode.Object   :
+						if (type == typeof(Guid))           return ToNullableGuid          (str);
+						if (type == typeof(DateTimeOffset)) return ToNullableDateTimeOffset(str);
+						if (type == typeof(TimeSpan))       return ToNullableTimeSpan      (str);
+						break;
+					default                : break;
+				}
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				switch (Type.GetTypeCode(underlyingType))
+				{
+					case TypeCode.Boolean  : return ToBoolean(str);
+					case TypeCode.Char     : return ToChar    (str);
+					case TypeCode.SByte    : return ToSByte   (str);
+					case TypeCode.Byte     : return ToByte    (str);
+					case TypeCode.Int16    : return ToInt16   (str);
+					case TypeCode.UInt16   : return ToUInt16  (str);
+					case TypeCode.Int32    : return ToInt32   (str);
+					case TypeCode.UInt32   : return ToUInt32  (str);
+					case TypeCode.Int64    : return ToInt64   (str);
+					case TypeCode.UInt64   : return ToUInt64  (str);
+					case TypeCode.Single   : return ToSingle  (str);
+					case TypeCode.Double   : return ToDouble  (str);
+					case TypeCode.Decimal  : return ToDecimal (str);
+					case TypeCode.DateTime : return ToDateTime(str);
+					default                : break;
+				}
+
+				if (type.IsArray)
+				{
+					if (type == typeof(byte[])) return ToByteArray(str);
+				}
+
+				if (type.IsClass)
+				{
+					if (type == typeof(Binary)) return ToLinqBinary    (str);
+				}
+			}
+
+			if (type == typeof(Guid))           return ToGuid          (str);
+			if (type == typeof(DateTimeOffset)) return ToDateTimeOffset(str);
+			if (type == typeof(TimeSpan))       return ToTimeSpan      (str);
+
+#if !SILVERLIGHT
+
+			if (type == typeof(SqlByte))        return ToSqlByte    (str);
+			if (type == typeof(SqlInt16))       return ToSqlInt16   (str);
+			if (type == typeof(SqlInt32))       return ToSqlInt32   (str);
+			if (type == typeof(SqlInt64))       return ToSqlInt64   (str);
+			if (type == typeof(SqlSingle))      return ToSqlSingle  (str);
+			if (type == typeof(SqlBoolean))     return ToSqlBoolean (str);
+			if (type == typeof(SqlDouble))      return ToSqlDouble  (str);
+			if (type == typeof(SqlDateTime))    return ToSqlDateTime(str);
+			if (type == typeof(SqlDecimal))     return ToSqlDecimal (str);
+			if (type == typeof(SqlMoney))       return ToSqlMoney   (str);
+			if (type == typeof(SqlString))      return ToSqlString  (str);
+			if (type == typeof(SqlGuid))        return ToSqlGuid    (str);
+
+#endif
+
+			return System.Convert.ChangeType(str, type, Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture);
+		}
+
+
+		#endregion
+
+		static Exception CreateInvalidCastException(Type originalType, Type conversionType)
+		{
+			return new InvalidCastException(string.Format(Resources.Convert_InvalidCast, originalType.FullName, conversionType.FullName));
+		}
+	}
+}