using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;

using BLToolkit.Common;
using BLToolkit.Properties;
using BLToolkit.Reflection;
using BLToolkit.TypeBuilder;
using BLToolkit.TypeBuilder.Builders;

namespace BLToolkit.Patterns
{
	/// <summary>
	/// Duck typing implementation.
	/// In computer science, duck typing is a term for dynamic typing typical
	/// of some programming languages, such as Smalltalk, Python or ColdFusion,
	/// where a variable's value itself determines what the variable can do.
	/// Thus an object or set of objects having all the methods described in
	/// an interface can be made to implement that interface dynamically
	/// at runtime, even if the object�s class does not include the interface
	/// in its implements clause.
	/// </summary>
	public static class DuckTyping
	{
		#region Single Duck

		static readonly Dictionary<Type,Dictionary<object,Type>> _duckTypes = new Dictionary<Type,Dictionary<object,Type>>();

		/// <summary>
		/// Build a proxy type which implements the requested interface by redirecting all calls to the supplied object type.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="interfaceType">An interface type to implement.</param>
		/// <param name="objectType">Any type which expected to have all members of the given interface.</param>
		/// <returns>The duck object type.</returns>
		public static Type GetDuckType(Type interfaceType, Type objectType)
		{
			if (interfaceType == null)      throw new ArgumentNullException("interfaceType");
			if (!interfaceType.IsInterface) throw new ArgumentException(Resources.DuckTyping_InterfaceTypeMustBeAnInterface, "interfaceType");
			if (!interfaceType.IsPublic && !interfaceType.IsNestedPublic)
				throw new ArgumentException(Resources.DuckTyping_InterfaceMustBePublic, "interfaceType");

			Dictionary<object,Type> types;

			lock(_duckTypes)
				if (!_duckTypes.TryGetValue(interfaceType, out types))
					_duckTypes.Add(interfaceType, types = new Dictionary<object,Type>());

			Type type;

			lock (types) if (!types.TryGetValue(objectType, out type))
			{
				type = TypeFactory.GetType(
					new CompoundValue(interfaceType, objectType),
					interfaceType, //objectType,
					new DuckTypeBuilder(MustImplementAttribute.Default, interfaceType, new[] { objectType }));

				types.Add(objectType, type);
			}

			return type;
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Implements the requested interface for supplied object.
		/// If the supplied object implements the interface, the object itself will be returned.
		/// Otherwise a convenient duck object will be created.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="interfaceType">An interface type to implement.</param>
		/// <param name="baseObjectType">Any type which has all members of the given interface.
		/// When this parameter is set to null, the object type will be used.</param>
		/// <param name="obj">An object which type expected to have all members of the given interface.</param>
		/// <returns>An object which implements the interface.</returns>
		public static object Implement(Type interfaceType, Type baseObjectType, object obj)
		{
			if (obj == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("obj");

			var objType = obj.GetType();

			if (TypeHelper.IsSameOrParent(interfaceType, objType))
				return obj;

			if (obj is DuckType)
			{
				var duckObject = (DuckType)obj;

				if (duckObject.Objects.Length == 1)
				{
					// Switch to underlying objects when a duck object was passed.
					//
					return Implement(interfaceType, baseObjectType, duckObject.Objects[0]);
				}

				// Re-aggregate underlying objects to expose new interface.
				//
				return Aggregate(interfaceType, duckObject.Objects);
			}

			if (baseObjectType == null)
				baseObjectType = objType;
			else if (!TypeHelper.IsSameOrParent(baseObjectType, objType))
				throw new ArgumentException(string.Format(Resources.DuckTyping_NotASubtypeOf, objType.FullName, baseObjectType.FullName), "obj");

			var duckType = GetDuckType(interfaceType, baseObjectType);

			if (duckType == null)
				return null;

			var duck = TypeAccessor.CreateInstanceEx(duckType);

			((DuckType)duck).SetObjects(obj);

			return duck;
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Implements the requested interface.
		/// If the supplied object implements the interface, the object itself will be returned.
		/// Otherwise a convenient duck object will be created.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="interfaceType">An interface type to implement.</param>
		/// <param name="obj">An object which type expected to have all members of the given interface.</param>
		/// <returns>An object which implements the interface.</returns>
		public static object Implement(Type interfaceType, object obj)
		{
			return Implement(interfaceType, null, obj);
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Implements the requested interface for all supplied objects.
		/// If any of supplied object implements the interface, the object itself will be returned.
		/// Otherwise a convenient duck object will be created.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="interfaceType">An interface type to implement.</param>
		/// <param name="baseObjectType">Any type which has all members of the given interface.
		/// When this parameter is set to null, the object type will be used.</param>
		/// <param name="objects">An object array which types expected to have all members of the given interface.
		/// All objects may have different types.</param>
		/// <returns>An array of object which implements the interface.</returns>
		public static object[] Implement(Type interfaceType, Type baseObjectType, params object[] objects)
		{
			if (objects == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("objects");

			object[] result = new object[objects.Length];
	
			for (int i = 0; i < objects.Length; i++)
				result[i] = Implement(interfaceType, baseObjectType, objects[i]);

			return result;
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Implements the requested interface for all supplied objects.
		/// If any of supplied object implements the interface, the object itself will be returned.
		/// Otherwise a convenient duck object will be created.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="interfaceType">An interface type to implement.</param>
		/// <param name="objects">An object array which types expected to have all members of the given interface.
		/// All objects may have different types.</param>
		/// <returns>An array of object which implements the interface.</returns>
		public static object[] Implement(Type interfaceType, params object[] objects)
		{
			return Implement(interfaceType, (Type)null, objects);
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Implements the requested interface for supplied object.
		/// If the supplied object implements the interface, the object itself will be returned.
		/// Otherwise a convenient duck object will be created.
		/// </summary>
		/// <typeparam name="I">An interface type to implement.</typeparam>
		/// <param name="obj">An object which type expected to have all members of the given interface.</param>
		/// <returns>An object which implements the interface.</returns>
		public static I Implement<I>(object obj)
			where I : class
		{
			return (I)Implement(typeof(I), null, obj);
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Implements the requested interface for supplied object.
		/// If the supplied object implements the interface, the object itself will be returned.
		/// Otherwise a convenient duck object will be created.
		/// </summary>
		/// <typeparam name="I">An interface type to implement.</typeparam>
		/// <typeparam name="T">Any type which has all members of the given interface.</typeparam>
		/// <param name="obj">An object which type expected to have all members of the given interface.</param>
		/// <returns>An object which implements the interface.</returns>
		public static I Implement<I,T>(T obj)
			where I : class
		{
			return (I)Implement(typeof(I), typeof(T), obj);
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Implements the requested interface for all supplied objects.
		/// If any of supplied object implements the interface, the object itself will be returned.
		/// Otherwise a convenient duck object will be created.
		/// </summary>
		/// <typeparam name="I">An interface type to implement.</typeparam>
		/// <param name="objects">An object array which types expected to have all members of the given interface.
		/// All objects may have different types.</param>
		/// <returns>An array of object which implements the interface.</returns>
		public static I[] Implement<I>(params object[] objects)
			where I : class
		{
			if (objects == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("objects");

			I[] result = new I[objects.Length];

			for (int i = 0; i < objects.Length; i++)
				result[i] = Implement<I>(objects[i]);

			return result;
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Implements the requested interface for all supplied objects.
		/// If any of supplied object implements the interface, the object itself will be returned.
		/// Otherwise a convenient duck object will be created.
		/// </summary>
		/// <typeparam name="I">An interface type to implement.</typeparam>
		/// <typeparam name="T">Any type which has all members of the given interface.</typeparam>
		/// <param name="objects">An object array which types expected to have all members of the given interface.
		/// All objects may have different types.</param>
		/// <returns>An array of object which implements the interface.</returns>
		public static I[] Implement<I,T>(params T[] objects)
			where I : class
		{
			if (objects == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("objects");

			I[] result = new I[objects.Length];

			for (int i = 0; i < objects.Length; i++)
				result[i] = Implement<I,T>(objects[i]);

			return result;
		}

		private static bool _allowStaticMembers;
		public  static bool  AllowStaticMembers
		{
			get { return _allowStaticMembers;  }
			set { _allowStaticMembers = value; }
		}

		#endregion

		#region Multiple Duck

		/// <summary>
		/// Build a proxy type which implements the requested interface by redirecting all calls to the supplied object type.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="interfaceType">An interface type to implement.</param>
		/// <param name="objectTypes">Array of types which expected to have all members of the given interface.</param>
		/// <returns>The duck object type.</returns>
		public static Type GetDuckType(Type interfaceType, Type[] objectTypes)
		{
			if (interfaceType == null)      throw new ArgumentNullException("interfaceType");
			if (!interfaceType.IsInterface) throw new ArgumentException(Resources.DuckTyping_InterfaceTypeMustBeAnInterface, "interfaceType");
			if (!interfaceType.IsPublic && !interfaceType.IsNestedPublic)
				throw new ArgumentException(Resources.DuckTyping_InterfaceMustBePublic, "interfaceType");

			Dictionary<object,Type> types;

			lock (_duckTypes)
				if (!_duckTypes.TryGetValue(interfaceType, out types))
					_duckTypes.Add(interfaceType, types = new Dictionary<object,Type>());

			object key = new CompoundValue(objectTypes);
			Type   type;

			lock (types) if (!types.TryGetValue(key, out type))
			{
				type = TypeFactory.GetType(
					new CompoundValue(interfaceType, key),
					interfaceType,
					new DuckTypeBuilder(MustImplementAttribute.Aggregate, interfaceType, objectTypes));

				types.Add(key, type);
			}

			return type;
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Implements the requested interface from supplied set of objects.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="interfaceType">An interface type to implement.</param>
		/// <param name="baseObjectTypes">Array of types which have all members of the given interface.
		/// When this parameter is set to null, the object type will be used.</param>
		/// <param name="objs">Array of objects which types expected to have all members of the given interface.</param>
		/// <returns>An object which implements the interface.</returns>
		public static object Aggregate(Type interfaceType, Type[] baseObjectTypes,params object[] objs)
		{
			if (objs == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("objs");

			if (baseObjectTypes == null)
			{
				baseObjectTypes = new Type[objs.Length];

				for (int i = 0; i < objs.Length; i++)
					if (objs[i] != null)
						baseObjectTypes[i] = objs[i].GetType();
			}
			else
			{
				if (baseObjectTypes.Length != objs.Length)
					throw new ArgumentException(Resources.DuckTyping_InvalidNumberOfObjs, "baseObjectTypes");

				for (int i = 0; i < objs.Length; i++)
				{
					Type objType = objs[i].GetType();

					if (!TypeHelper.IsSameOrParent(baseObjectTypes[i], objType))
						throw new ArgumentException(
							string.Format(Resources.DuckTyping_NotASubtypeOf, objType.FullName, baseObjectTypes[i].FullName), "objs");
				}
			}

			Type duckType = GetDuckType(interfaceType, baseObjectTypes);

			if (duckType == null)
				return null;

			object duck = TypeAccessor.CreateInstanceEx(duckType);

			((DuckType)duck).SetObjects(objs);

			return duck;
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Implements the requested interface from supplied set of objects.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="interfaceType">An interface type to implement.</param>
		/// <param name="objs">Array of object which types expected to have of the given interface.</param>
		/// <returns>An object which implements the interface.</returns>
		public static object Aggregate(Type interfaceType,params object[] objs)
		{
			return Aggregate(interfaceType, (Type[])null, objs);
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Implements the requested interface from supplied set of objects.
		/// </summary>
		/// <typeparam name="I">An interface type to implement.</typeparam>
		/// <param name="objs">Array of object which type expected to have all members of the given interface.</param>
		/// <returns>An object which implements the interface.</returns>
		public static I Aggregate<I>(params object[] objs)
			where I : class
		{
			return (I)Aggregate(typeof(I), null, objs);
		}

		#endregion
	}
}